Lokalt dyrket grønt til køerne – helt i økologiens ånd

Med den rigtige blanding af urter i grovfoderet til køerne kan økologiske landmænd dække dyrenes behov for mineraler og vitaminer med hjemmedyrket foder og derved undgå at indkøbe tilskudsblandinge

Effect of concentrate supplementation level on production, health and efficiency in an organic dairy herd

The proportions of organic feed and roughage in the feed ration for organic dairy cows have to reach 100 and 60%, respectively, in 2005. The aim of this study was to elucidate the long-term effects of reducing or omitting concentrate supplementation to high genetic merit dairy cows on a basal ad libitum diet of clover-grass (silage and grazing). Three concentrate levels, N, L and L+ (38, 0 and 19% of dry matter (DM) intake, respectively) were investigated in a herd of 60 cows during 3 years. The production in group N was 6723 kg energy corrected milk (ECM) per cow year, based on an intake of 6226 kg DM of which 38% was concentrates. In group L the omission of concentrates reduced intake to 4770 kg DM, and milk production to 5090 kg ECM per cow year. Milk protein content was reduced and milk free fatty acid content was increased, and the first calving interval was significantly increased, as compared to group N. The intake in group L+ was 5226 kg DM per cow year of which 19% was concentrates. Milk production in group L+ was reduced by only 493 kg ECM per cow year as compared to group N, primarily due to a significantly improved feed conversion ratio (12%). There were no indications of health problems associated with the reduced feeding levels

Performance and parasitosis in heifers grazing mixed with sows

The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of mixed grazing with first season heifers and pregnant sows on animal performance, gastro-intestinal helminths, pasture quality and sward structure during three grazing seasons. This presentation will focus on results from 1999, primarily regarding performance and parasitosis in heifers. There have been no earlier reports on such mixed grazing systems. Three grazing systems were studied in replicate: 1) Heifers grazing alone; 2) sows grazing alone; 3) heifers grazing together with sows. The heifers were inoculated with low doses of infective O.ostertagi larvae at turn-out. Continuous grazing was practised in paddocks regulated in size according to herbage allowance. Individual weight gain, faecal egg output and serum pepsinogen concentrations - as indicator of O.ostertagi infection - were measured fortnightly. The sward structure and quality were greatly influenced by the applied grazing system. The average daily gain of the heifers was significantly higher (P=0.0006) when grazing together with sows (1,121±45 g/day, n=16) than when grazing alone (869±48 g/day, n=14). The mean pepsinogen concentrations were elevated in the heifers grazing alone. It is concluded, that weight gains were significantly better and infection levels with O.ostertagi were significantly reduced in heifers grazing together with sows

Økologisk mælkeproduktion - reduceret foderniveau og strategisk anvendelse af tilskudsfoder

På den økologiske forsøgsstation Rugballegaard blev der i 1996 etableret tre produktionssystemer omfattende husdyr og sædskifte. Formålet var at belyse de overordnede bedriftsmæssige konsekvenser af økologiske produktionssystemer med kombinationer af kvæg og svin i forhold til specialiseret produktion af kvæg henholdsvis svin. Dette indlæg omhandler resulter vedrørende køerne og mælkeproduktionen. Formålet med forsøgene med malkekvægbesætningen var at undersøge malkekøernes produktion, reproduktion, sundhed og foderudnyttelse samt mælkens kvalitet, når køerne blev fodret på et reduceret niveau med grovfoder alene (primært frisk og/eller konserveret kløvergræs) eller suppleret med små mængder tilskudsfoder først i laktationen

Mælkeproduktion baseret på 100 procent økologisk dyrket foder

?

Introduktion - perspektiver ved 100 pct. økologisk fodring

I kapitlet skitseres den økologiske mælkeproduktion i Danmark samt de gældende og kommende rammer herfor. Desuden diskuteres perspektiverne i en økologisk mælkeproduktion baseret på 100% økologisk foder. Mælkeproduktionens omfang er gennem en kraftig vækst nået op på ca. 10% af den indvejede mælk i 2000. Markedet ser på kort sigt ud til at nærme sig en mætning, hvilket afspejler sig i en faldende merpris til producenten. Der identificeres to overordnede tendenser i udviklingen af produktionen inden for rammerne af 100% økologisk fodring: Den ene med en fastholdelse af de nuværende mål omkring produktionsniveau mv. per dyr, opnået ved en tilpasning af grovfoderkvalitet og økologisk dyrket tilskudsfoder. Den anden trend med en drejning mod en mælkeproduktion som ønskes udviklet ud fra en mere overordnet udvikling af økologisk produktion

Grobund for innovation, vækst og troværdighed

Økologiske landmænd og fødevarevirksomheder har brug for forskning og udvikling, der både øger produktiviteten og samtidig reducerer miljø- og klimabelastning, men også sikrer biodiversiteten i mark og landskab og en fortsat høj dyrevelfærd

Grazing with heifers and sows alone or mixed: herbage quality, sward structure and animal weight gain

The aim of the present study was to compare the effect of mixed grazing (MI) by sows and heifers with alternate grazing (AL) or grazing heifers (HN) and sows (SN) alone on animal weight gain, sward structure, herbage quality and composition, and selection during grazing. Mixed or alternate grazing consistently improved the weight gain in both heifers and sows, compared with grazing one species alone, but the positive effect was statistically significant only for heifers. The herbage quality of the MI and AL systems was better compared with the SN system, but not clearly better compared with the HN system. The total animal weight gain (heifers+sows) and estimated herbage intake per hectare were also higher in the MI and AL systems compared with SN and HN systems. The sows grazed selectively as they preferred clover rather than grass and grass leaves rather than grass stem. Only few turnovers of the sward by the sows were observed. Animal behaviour was not systematically surveyed, but no adverse behaviour was observed between the two animal species. Herbage quality, proportion of rejected herbage and the load of gastro-intestinal nematodes in heifers could have positively influenced animal weight gain per day and hectare in the MI and AL systems in this study

Mineraler i græsmarker – betydningen af artsvalg og høsttidspunkt

Der er stor forskel på mineralsammensætningen i forskellige græsmarksarter, og forskellen er meget større end det, der kan opnås ved at ændre høsttidspunktet. Mineralprofilen i den enkelte art bliver næsten ikke påvirket af jordtypen. En bedre styret mineralsammensætning forventes derfor mulig i fremtiden

Artssammensætningen i græsmarken afgør mineralindholdet i afgrøden

Igangværende undersøgelse på Foulum har vist, at der er stor forskel på mineralsammensætningen i forskellige græsmarksarter. Mineralprofilen i den enkelte art bliver næsten ikke påvirket af jordtypen. En bedre styret mineralsammensætning forventes derfor mulig i fremtiden